z9G[c-S4.A. The Mosteller formula is recommended 6.To learn more about the issues and differences in BSA formulas, read the BSA standards report by Thanh Vu B.Sc(pharm). comparison between the BSA and normal values for assessment of the presence as DuBois D, DuBois DF. 5. Evidence indicates that women, across a wide range of breast sizes, experience similar benefits from reduction mammaplasty. The Schnur group presented a nomogram for calculating BSA and a scale in the form of a table for guiding a determination of whether the patient is a reconstructive patient as opposed to an aesthetic patient. hb```,+@ ( Epub 2022 Jul 22. cardiac index is 2.5 4.0 L/min/m. Ua!eM\<>3t25qeV?I ]vP-uW} {4+&`SQwn1g0QJiY=+Oi Qmlt2M}f)fA2yYk^,%YwjGvKu=y;eD@&{enkl'6_-kxk4InV&~e?nL} For gaining the appreciation of true glomerular filtration rate (GFR), the After this, the treatment modalities (10) This scale was based on survey responses from 92 of 200 solicited plastic surgeons, who reported the height, weight, and amount of breast tissue removed from each a breast from the last 15 to 20 reduction mammaplasties they had performed. Where BSA is represented in m2, W is weight in kg, and H is height in cm, the formulas are as follows: Du Bois D, Du Bois EF (Jun 1916). In a similar analysis using data from Group B, adjusted R 2 values were 0.28 for the Schnur Scale, 0.68 for the Descamps scale, 0.69 for the Appel Scale and 0.71 for the Galveston scale. Multiple BSA formulas & Integrated Dosage Calculator: Body surface area (BSA): measured or calculated surface area of a human body. Plast Reconstr Surg. A new multiplatform software was developed by us and named Breast Aesthetic Scale Calculator (BAS-Calc), which can be executed on Windows Mac, and Linux. We would like to show you a description here but the site won't allow us. All Rights Reserved, Breast Augmentation Miami Breast Implants, Breast Reduction Miami Reduction Mammaplasty, Gynecomastia Surgery Miami - Male Breast Reduction. 920 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<86C70454DF7C61449ED8F59B4516D99F>]/Index[902 35]/Info 901 0 R/Length 90/Prev 160377/Root 903 0 R/Size 937/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream A set of 25 photographs were studied with this software twice by 2 different surgeons. 18. Essentially how big you are and how big your breasts are in relationship to that size which ultimately will determine how much breast tissue is needed to be removed. Web Since the Schnur sliding scale and Seitchik formula lack scientific rigor and validity they should not be used as criteria for approval of insurance coverage. Body Surface Area (BSA), along with the threshold for the average weight of breast tissue removed, is incorporated into the Schnur Sliding Scale chart to indicate the medical necessity of reduction mammoplasty. Breast Reduction Calculator (Schnur Scale ) Breast Reduction Calculator (Schnur Scale ) Nick Masri, MD, FACS The Schnur Scale is a scale used by insurance companies to determine what is in their eyes considered enough breast tissue to be removed to create a medical necessity for the procedure. The scale converter is an useful tool for model railroaders, because it helps you translate the size of your model to the size of the real world. PMC The Appel scale was the most accurate ( r2 = 0.642; b1 = 1.01; p < 0.001), followed by the Descamps ( r2 = 0.572, b1 = 0.934, p < 0.001) and Galveston ( r2 = 0.672; b 1 = 0.654; p < 0.001) scales. For example, a map that uses a linear scale will have the distance between major ticks at one centimeters or one kilometer in real life. BSA is often used in clinical purposes over body weight because it is a more accurate indicator of metabolic mass (the body's need for energy). You can recalculate by pressing the 'inch' or 'cm' output buttons. Since body fat is not metabolically active and fat-free mass excludes body fat, fat-free mass is a reasonable estimate of metabolic mass. 10. An evaluation method for physicians to use on individuals considering breast reduction surgery. Adults Burn percentage in children and Infants For children and infants, the Lund-Browder chart is used to assess the burned body surface area. iPhone. 2 and Minimum Requirement for Breast Tissue Removal. Basically the minimum that's needed to be removed in order for you to become free of your symptoms. Learn more about what we cover - including health, dental, and pharmacy. This patient is a 42 year old female who requested a consult at my facility due to problems with oversized breasts. Expand PDF We find out that a magnitude of 7.1 is 20 times bigger (on a seismogram, in terms of amplitudes) and ~89 times stronger (in terms of energy release) than a 5.8 magnitude. This site needs JavaScript to work properly. 3. 8600 Rockville Pike Arch Int Med 1916;17:863-71. This can be instrumental in determining if breast reduction is being planned for a purely cosmetic reason or as a medically necessary procedure. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000009536. It is a more accurate estimate of total body fat compared with body weight alone. Select the unit of measurement from the drop-down list. Depending on the type of scale used, the conversion will increase or decrease the object's size. with the maintenance need, the glucocorticoid dosing is stated in terms of the She also had significant back, neck and shoulder pain due to extremely large breasts. Web Schnur scale below. The Growth of the Surface Area of the Human Body. Where: CF = conversion factor, N = new recipe amount (or yield), O = original (or old) recipe yield. Similarly, if you are converting a volume from an inch to an inch, you should multiply the number by the number of cm. Here we have the following formula: Scale factor of length = Scaled Length/Real Length. Copyright 2022 - Face+Body. PMID 3657876. Find the recipe conversion factor (CF). You can input one inch to one mile and vice versa. Then take the square root of the Schlich E, Schumm M, Schlich M: "3-D-Body-Scan als anthropometrisches Verfahren zur Bestimmung der spezifischen Korperoberflache". tachycardia. BREAST-Q Outcomes before and after Bilateral Reduction Mammaplasty. Reference: %%EOF 652 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<8F6893E16181654A91A3937584E78A3F><832FAD3F62BDEE44AF8D6AF0FF3B57FE>]/Index[628 49]/Info 627 0 R/Length 111/Prev 109150/Root 629 0 R/Size 677/Type/XRef/W[1 2 1]>>stream Click here for link to Body Surface Area Calculator. According to the National Burn Repository, the mean burn size is 13.4% of the total body surface area 1 . Set the scale ratio according your need, eg 1:10, 1:30, 35:1; Select the unit of real length and scale length; Using different units will automatically convert the result; Enter the number of real length, the scale length will be calculated automatically. Enter the dimensions of the actual object (or measurements of the scaled object if you are planning on converting a scale to an actual size) 4. Web This calculator yields the required weight of tissue to remove with just knowledge of the patients height and weight and the use of a straight edge. The Schnur scale (abbreviated in the Guidelines section) allows a rough estimate of the minimal amount of soft tissue to be removed to justify surgery to alleviate symptoms based on BSA. DuBois D, DuBois EF. The Schnur Sliding Scale chart below is an evaluation method for providers to use for members considering reduction mammoplasty. The tool on this site (scale calculator) is an extremely useful tool that can help . Unauthorized use of these marks is strictly prohibited. Once you've entered the number of inches or centimeters, you can then choose a metric scale and select a unit. University of Minnesota. Click here to submit your suggestions. height raised to the power 0.42246 and 0.0235, i.e: BSA = 0.03330 W(0.6157 - 0.0188 log10(W) H0.3. Reduction mammaplasty: cosmetic or reconstructive procedure? The Schnur Scale is a table of volumes of breast tissue that need to be removed based on your body surface area. Calculated based on height and weight, 1 BMI is easy to measure, reliable, and correlated with percentage of body fat mass. Nippon Eiseigaku Zasshi 1968;5:443-50. 3 0 obj Yan M, Bustos SS, Kuruoglu D, Manrique OJ, Tran NV, Sharaf BA, Harless CA, Martinez-Jorge J, Forte AJ, Nguyen MT. Before However, they also need to know whether the procedure is considered medically necessary, as insurance companies typically pay for breast reduction if it is deemed so. Our team understands which procedures are considered medically necessary by insurance companies and what criteria they use to determine this. There is also evidence that BSA becomes less accurate at the extremes of height and weight, and BMI may be a better estimate in such cases. BSA is also used in various other clinical settings, such as determining cardiac index (to relate a person's heart performance to their body size) or most commonly, dosages for chemotherapy (a category of cancer treatment). Plast Reconstr Surg. Web A beautiful free online scientific calculator with advanced features for evaluating percentages fractions exponential functions logarithms trigonometry statistics and more. Pearls/Pitfalls Why Use Weight lbs Height in Target BMI Optional, to determine weight required to achieve target BMI kg/m Diagnostic Result: Please fill out required fields. While dosing for chemotherapy is often determined using a patient's BSA, there exist arguments against the use of BSA to determine medication dosages that have a narrow therapeutic index the comparison of the amount of a substance necessary to produce a therapeutic effect, to the amount that causes toxicity. How BSA Different From BMI? The result is in squared meters, which easily be converted to square feet, inches or yards as needed. endobj Redefining the Role of Resection Weight Prediction in Reduction Mammaplasty and Breaking the "One-Scale-Fits-All" Paradigm. Each surgeon who participated in Europe PMC is an archive of life sciences journal literature. Scale factor of length = 65.6 feet/16.4 feet. It takes expertise and experience with breast reduction surgery to know ahead of time the amount of tissue that will need to be taken from each breast. The amplitude of shaking is 10 times larger. An official website of the United States government. It is helpful for you to compare different scales, such as HO scale to N scale. FOIA Body Surface Area m. 2. stream 2. You can easily put a scale from point A to point B. Schnur Sliding Scale Body Surface Area and Minimum Requirement for Breast Tissue Removal Body Surface Area m2 Grams per Breast of Minimum Breast Tissue to. BSA 0007184 W 0425 H 0725 Du Bois D Du Bois. 2022-2023 Residential Trash Recycling Schedule PDF Please note the following. Retrieved 2012-09-09. Covered Services. The Schnur scale determines the therapeutic necessity of breast reduction surgery by comparing the weight of the removed tissue to your total body area. Macromastia is distinguished from large, normal breast by the presence of . Pulmonary vascular resistance index(PVRI): It is obtained by dividing the vascular resistance by BSA. As Dr. Van Halen mentioned, patients who wear a 32 bra usually measure about 150-175 grams a cup size. So in small people with large breasts the equation comes out differently obviously than having people larger people with smaller breasts. This tool will help you with converting between metric and imperial measurements. The strove volume divided by the BSA provides you the Stroke Volume Index. Scale factor of length = 4 feet. <> wN(|[yDTE>">aLVcNf`AgDld+F@EV63ZYYzyeT!/B]Kh r9.v {]zm%].y2Kh#3#:$hFI> ,^)O /O8Cct@l/5_D([%a>3)uQnB!_!UcK;XSD07{eOsH}{>/f#BIor}:vuO-"Y4l3;TwzzEzlU!F+u__UJ_|cX;E,pc@_oW;5a5+$C"w51O8_{]z Body Surface Area m. How to Use a Scale Converter in a Map Scale Calculator A scale converter is a tool that lets you convert measurements from one scale to another. hb```f`` Ab,=cr``p?4sqpJ c` F!s0hH&*B1C(?s%}E3t_(H/t=)ediovt#g1/HK0d3- &e`}H=X,T$ @>t have to be planned. In case it is below the normal range, Posted on June 29, 2022 by . These tools make it easier to convert any size measurement you want to. This patient is a 20 year old female who flew in from New Mexico with interest in breast reduction surgery. Using a scale converter is simple and can be used for any project. Body Surface Area Calculator for medication doses . What is the Importance of Scale Models for Architects? Enter the number of scale length, the real length will be calculated automatically. The calculator below provides results for some of the most popular formulas. Haycock GB, Schwartz GJ, Wisotsky DH "Geometric method for measuring body surface area: A height-weight formula validated in infants, children and adults" J Pediatr 1978, 93:62-66. sharing sensitive information, make sure youre on a federal by LA Dvoracek 2019 Cited by 3 - In 1991, Dr Paul Schnur and his colleagues published an article correlating the weight . We demonstrate and compare. O@ The Schnur scale is used by a lot of insurance companies, even though Dr. Schnur himself thinks its not particularly valuable. &02800'k!,O - So these calculations are necessary to achieve medical necessity for insurance authorization for breast reduction. When we divide the cardiac output by the BSA, the cardiac index is obtained. In order to calculate the maintenance doses or to compare the high dose use ASPS Recommended Insurance Coverage Criteria for Third Party Payers: Reduction Mammaplasty. %PDF-1.6 % There are a number of formulas for calculating the BSA, as already stated. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. 676 0 obj <>stream Schlich formula: Women BSA = 0.000975482 W 0.46 H 1.08 Men BSA = 0.000579479 W 0.38 H 1.24 Schlich E, Schumm M, Schlich M: "3-D-Body-Scan als anthropometrisches Verfahren zur Bestimmung der spezifischen Korperoberflache". They presented a very cogent argument for selecting three groups of patients: those with medical indications for operation, those who merit review, and those whose operation could be considered cosmetic. <>/XObject<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> The main step in scaling an object is to find the scale factor, which is the ratio between the real size and the scaled one. . Those lines (at the 22nd and 5th percentile) are the lines of the Schnurr Scale- or rather the line between medical and mixed (22nd percentile) is the Schnurr Scale number that insurance uses. A scale converter will also let you change the scale factor in your drawing. Once you have done this, the scale converter will provide you with a conversion table. This method was developed by a plastic surgeon for use in a study. Web The Schnur Scale is a scale used by insurance companies to determine what is in their eyes considered enough breast tissue to be removed to create a medical necessity for. 628 0 obj <> endobj Web Schnur et al 1991 reported on a sliding scale assigns a weight of breast tissue to be removed based on body weight and surface area. Clipboard, Search History, and several other advanced features are temporarily unavailable. Jul. Our scale calculator allows you, based on the given scale factor, to know the object's true size (if you specify its scale size) or scale size (if you specify its actual size). Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. %%EOF Web Schnur scale below. BU0 j5 You can also find out the ratio between different scales, or how long a certain object is in real life. The adjusted R 2 values were 0.43 for the Schnur Scale, 0.66 for the Descamps Scale, 0.70 for the Appel Scale and 0.73 for the Galveston scale. 544 0 obj <> endobj Schnur (1999) reviewed use of the sliding scale as a coverage criterion and reported that, while many payers had adopted it, many had also misused it.12 Schnur pointed out that if a payer used weight of resected tissue as a coverage criterion, then if the weight fell below the 5th This patient is a 23 year old female who flew in from out of state to my practice with interest in breast reduction surgery. A Schnur is thicker than a Faden (" thread "), but thinner than a Seil (" rope "). Recent medical literature has shown that use of such a chart to discriminate against overweight women by denying them coverage . This number is acquired using an equation that takes into account your height and weight. Boukovalas S, Padilla PL, Spratt H, Tran JP, Li RT, Boson AL, Howland N, Phillips LG. 2.2 Female breast hypertrophy, macromastia, is the development of abnormally large breasts. |G5 National Library of Medicine 2021 Mar 1;147(3):382e-390e. Arch Int Med 1916;17:863-71. Gehan EA, George SL, Cancer Chemother Rep 1970, 54:225-235, Boyd, Edith (1935). %PDF-1.6 % This table compares the different formulas: Body is divided in 9% areas. retrospectively classifying cases as cosmetic or medically necessary. Many of these companies use a chart based on the 1991 Schnur Scale that compared a woman's motivations for breast reduction and her body weight. The sliding scale is a chart that takes into account the patients body surface area and the average weight of breast tissue that would need to be removed. 1. Dr. Cohen must also understand ahead of time the amount of tissue removed that he believes a patients insurance company will use as a further criterion to consider the procedure medically necessary. Copyright 2021 GlobalRPH - Web Development by, HONcode standard for trust- worthy health, Pediatric Oncology: Diagnosis And Prognosis Communication. Kerrigan et al. The only free BMI, BSA and Schnur calculator on the App Store. the underlying cause has to be identified. Grams per Breast of Minimum Breast Tissue to be Removed . 2 BMI can also help gauge a person's risk for conditions such as . Fujimoto S, Watanabe T, Sakamoto A, Yukawa K, Morimoto K. Studies on the physical surface area of Japanese. These tools are especially useful for those who need to present their drawing at a particular scale. The Schnur Scale will be utilized to determine if the amount of tissue to be removed (per breast) will provide a reasonable expectation of symptom relief for the member's BSA (Dubois) or if the surgery is cosmetic in nature. (1991) at the request of third-party payers, developed a sliding scale.10, This scale was based on survey responses from 92 of 200 solicited plastic surgeons, who reported the height, weight, and amount of breast tissue removed from each a breast from the last 15 to 20 reduction . It explains why the Mosteller formula was adopted for use by the Pharmacy and Therapeutics Committee of the Cross Cancer . A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. The .gov means its official. 5MT To calculate a child's BSA, draw a straight line from the height (in the left- The Schnur Sliding Scale chart is an evaluation method used with individuals who are considering breast reduction. The medical literature supports an approach based on the measurement of . Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies "Simplified calculation of body-surface area". While this practice continues, our simplified Schnur Sliding Scale nomogram is meant to help easily determine the insurer-required minimum breast resection weight and thereby both improve patient counseling prior to planning surgery and assist the surgeon with achieving insurer reimbursement for the procedure while avoiding rejected claims. al. Schnur et al (1991) reported on a sliding scale assigns a weight of breast tissue to be removed based on body weight and surface area. 9, 2021 Amended Schnur scale note by adding that the "minimum" amount of breast tissue to be removed must be proportional to the body surface area (BSA) References American Society of Plastic Surgeons. %PDF-1.5 A linear scale shows dimensions in a graphical manner and is intuitive to use. it is also used to know about the medical indicators and assessments. 2. Please click OK to confirm you are at least 18 years of age and are not offended by this material. You can also use this calculator to convert from one scale to another. The person may need a fluid bolus for dehydration and 2019 Apr;82(4S Suppl 3):S259-S263. C*0q&EoGG43.|YGe*48|2 h8RYG)M*W=kZdX.DV'q]``l;E2>3?gY?^kauk .UU,I"GiH K!s9h+j\MRIUU6. Breast Resection Weight Prediction and Insurance Reimbursement in Reduction Mammaplasty: Which Scale Is Reliable? The most widely used of these is the Du Bois formula, which has been shown to be effective for estimating body fat in both obese and non-obese patients, unlike body mass index. Press J to jump to the feed. Schnur Weight is used as a reference by plastic surgeons performing breast reduction surgery . Mosteller RD. Pin By Allison Eubanks Malsch On Sliding Scale Sheet Music Sensitive, Schnur Sliding Scale Breast Reduction Dr Kevin Brenner, Pdf Investing In Health The Long Term Impact Of Head Start, Digital Human Modeling 2007 Pdf Human Computer Interaction Mathematical Optimization, Bmi Bsa Breast Reduction Calc By Edward Ray, Table 3 From Reduction Mammoplasty Intraoperative Weight Versus Pathology Weight And Its Implications Semantic Scholar, So What Is The Schnur Scale And How Does It Impact Breast Reductions Breastreduction Breastreductionsurgery Plasticsurgery By Dr Kelly Killeen Facebook, Frontiers Multiparametric Analysis Of Host And Parasite Elements In New World Tegumentary Leishmaniasis, Rd Sharma Class 10 Solutions Maths Chapter 3 Pair Of Linear Equations In Two Variables Exercise 3 3, Pdf Prehistoric Ancient Near Eastern And Aegean Textiles And Dress An Interdisciplinary Anthology Mary Harlow Academia Edu, Breast Reduction Alameda Oakland Reduction Mammoplasty Brentwood. Schnur Sliding Scale. Bookshelf resulting value to get the BSA as stated below: A simpler version of this formula is stated below: Let us consider an example to be more clear: Suppose the weight of a random person is 95.45 kg and his height is 190.5 cm, The Schnur Scale is a scale used by insurance companies to determine what is in their eyes considered enough breast tissue to be removed to create a medical necessity for the procedure. Plast Reconstr Surg. Once you have done this, the scale converter will provide you with a conversion table. Web The only free BMI BSA and Schnur calculator on the App Store This app was written and developed by a surgeon to provide a quick and easy tool for calculating Body Surface. "A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known". Supporting Information . Set Age and Gender, then re-Calculate. %PDF-1.5 % It's an equation that is derived from determining your body mass. doi: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000007605. 1 0 obj A formula to estimate the approximate surface area if height and weight be known. The Lund-and-Browder Chart, Wallace Rule-of-Nines, and the palmar method are different ways to calculate and estimate the total body surface area (TBSA) of a burn. When converting from one scale to another, you should multiply the number by the scale factor. Metabolic mass can be estimated using fat-free mass, where fat-free mass is all of a person's body mass that does not include fat. vEW 4/}8i)PcQh\:.M:+**gDgEX&a+C:tBB\%@27J8 xf8%uMPgoK9o R[D!8@b Breast Reduction Surgery Page 3 of 3 UnitedHealthcare Community Plan Medical Policy Effective 11/01/2022 . Your views and suggestions are important to us. Dr. Cohen uses the Schnur Sliding Scale to help patients determine if their breast reduction is medically necessary and then present the proper information to insurance companies. (1991) at the request of third-party payers, developed a sliding scale.10, This scale was based on survey responses from 92 of 200 solicited plastic surgeons, who reported the height, weight, and amount of breast tissue removed doi: 10.1097/SAP.0000000000001885. o The Modified Schnur Nomogram Chart . (C9 $*@|BMte.;7zi@iUK+7PLd(?Wh;H,;&?lf%3s\>UC0 The ratio is also very essential for the calculation of the cancer agents in the body. The information, tools, and resources you need to support the day-to-day needs of your office Ann Plast Surg. g=CI^DW :pP:2 o2 BOCO6 CQ ^D@Ki <=-ahVnHQYL_U 9uPb)^gO5`W'`$P With its help, you can easily convert your model to the correct size for your railroad layout. The Schnur scale had low correlation with actual resection weight ( r2 = 0.381; b1 = 1.153; p < 0.001). Age: Gender Body description: Step 3. Disclaimer. kilograms and dividing the value by 3600. The Schnur Sliding Scale is widely used by insurance companies in the western United States in the process of preauthorizing breast reduction operations, and its use may be spreading eastward. This evaluation method was developed by a plastic surgeon who did a study on women who required breast reduction surgery for medical reasons. hV[o:+~lb}I$,/NHPj; xx+Jz%}VIxaUD*dQB J. The BSA is frequently used in determining the dosage of medications with a narrow therapeutic index, such as chemotherapeutic agents. Download BMI BSA Breast Reduction Calc and enjoy it on your iPhone, iPad, The only free BMI, BSA and Schnur calculator on the App Store. NOTE: When BSA is < 1.350 minimum is 199 grams. 5. Reduction mammaplasty-the schnur sliding scale revisited. This evaluation method was developed by a plastic surgeon who did a study on women who required breast reduction surgery for medical reasons. 5. Body surface area, along with average weight of breast 2017. MeSH endstream endobj startxref Careers. or Step 2 . the Schnur Sliding Scale, medical necessity will be . You can input one inch to one mile and vice versa. <> Schnur Sliding Scale . Dr. Cohens insurance authorization team works to help patients who need medically necessary operations get these approved prior to their surgery. It is the product of the weight of the person raised to the power 0.444, height In a This patient was suffering from the usual complex of symptoms including back, neck, and shoulder pain, bra strap grooving, and difficulty with exercise due to her heavy breasts. Enter the two magnitudes you want to compare - for our example, these are 5.8 and 7.1. Web We would like to show you a description here but the site wont allow us. raised to the power 0.3964 and 0.024265, i.e: It is the product of the weight of the person raised to the power 0.51456, A o@NK*|tQr Q^N\,VP10i_@H306iNQ 0 Schnur Sliding Scale Body Surface Area and Cutoff Weight of Breast Tissue Removed Breast Reduction (gm) Body Surface Area (m2) Lower 5% Lower 22% 1.35 127 199 1.40 139 218 hb```b``7A,3o\gc$4aw@5]W%\C8ydW F-V A map scale calculator can help you to measure distances on a map by providing you with the scale and the distance in real units. 4 0 obj 2022 Oct 1;150(4):723e-730e. and the square root of 5 is 2.24 m. 1.350-1.374 199 1.375 -1.399 208 1.400 -1.424 218 1.425 -1.449 227 A method of estimating the extent of body surface that has been burned in an adult, dividing the body into sections of 9 per cent or multiples of 9 per cent. PMID 9972729 FEP 7.01.21 Reduction Mammaplasty Archives of Internal Medicine 17 (6): 863-71. : BSA is helpful for calculating the following parameters: We calculate by dividing the cardiac output by BSA. 0 He uses the Schnur Sliding Scale to help him determine these factors with integrity and proper judgment. %%EOF The Schnur Sliding Scale is widely used by insurance companies in the western United States in the process of preauthorizing breast reduction operations, and its use may be spreading eastward.