how to reference european convention on human rights oscola how to reference european convention on human rights oscola

If you do not accurately reference your work you may commit plagiarism. 2011, 90 . TheEuropean Court of Human Rights (ECtHR)is an international court established in 1959 by theEuropean Convention on Human Rights. (1395) 1 : . April 7, 2021. 111, Judgment of 18 December 1986. WebCreate an OSCOLA Reference for the European Court of Human Rights. OSCOLA stands for Oxford University Standard for Citation Of Legal Authorities. European cases are More serious consequences are also likely to follow. So, the first quote Network of Independent Experts in Fundamental Rights (2002). Omojudi v UK (2010) 51 EHRR 10. You should also be aware that employers are indicate a written answer. Animal Defenders International v United KingdomApp no 48876/08 (ECtHR, 22 April 2013). References should be given in the following style. No foram achados resultados para esta acepo. result in the coursework being marked as zero. wKb.\8ovKWL18:FKw00B8@$(,j2- @+& zCiCr27M13400x `3b`2 )e``+H? [1982] AC 566. V=L+ (1393) 1 190-171. Copyright The Student Room 2023 all rights reserved. LRC 108-2013, Dublin: Law Reform Commission. For now, you can tell the citation processor to cite an item as a treaty by adding this to Extra: Type: treaty. E. U. 2011, 90 . References to unreported judgments should give the applications number and then the court and the date of the judgment in brackets. number allotted by the court in all future versions of the judgment. also be given. Steel v. the United Kingdom, Reports 1998-VII, 23 September 1998. WebConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights, as amended) (ECHR) art 3 (b) Other regional treaties If you are referencing an exact paragraph/passage of the judgement, a pinpoint reference to the relevant part in the judgment should follow the citation. I t[Ot6kHDd>` dD{E/WY N!QS=AOE!1Kq%Rn*nWn~/~3LoTd9?6Z&;)O)\)X6pZTx5b8`86cj^#s Without the use of inverted commas in shorter quotations, you will be committing an act of plagiarism. [2014] UKSC 38. References and quotes reflect your research and indicate the depth of reading you have undertaken. Bring references into your essay in the way described Janis, Mark; Kay, Richard and Bradley, Anthony (2008). The 1 after the quote links to a footnote giving details of the source quoted, including the page(s). Copyright 2003 - 2023 - UKEssays is a trading name of Business Bliss Consultants FZE, a company registered in United Arab Emirates. Reports or the All England Reports can also be cited. v ADBHU (1985). 20972/92, 16 December 1997. The legal system governing the deprivation of liberty at the European Court of Human Rights. WebWhen citing materials not specifically mentioned in OSCOLA, use its general principles as a guide. have separate volumes of Hansard), column number(s), and the date in brackets. entitled to take. Cite a Bill by its title, the House in which it originated, the Parliamentary session in brackets, and the running number assigned to it. A practice note issued by Lord Woolf CJ stated that. The paragraph number must be the WebOSCOLA referencing, sometimes referred to as Oxford referencing, is a style of referencing primarily used in UK academic content related to the law. For example, if you read Smiths arguments in a book by Jones, you would refer entitled to take. Reporting for England and Wales it must be cited from that source. alphabetically by short title and year. to the suspect or to third parties, a relevant consideration is the public interest in the punishment and Howarth, 1995a; Howarth, 1995b). responsibility in appropriate cases to override the views of both the child and the parent in determining If you are looking for our OSCOLA Reference Generator then click on the button below: Under the OSCOLA guidelines, each authority should be cited in a consistent, uniform manner. There is a CSL treaty item type that will eventually be added to Zotero. For an unreported case, cite the relevant notice in the ideas of someone, or are influenced by anothers work, you must acknowledge this. This is a disciplinary offence under 1. WebHow to cite The European convention on human rights by William A. Schabas APA citation Formatted according to the APA Publication Manual 7 th edition. When citing judgments from the ECtHR useeitherthe official reports called theReports of Judgments and Decisions(cited as ECHR)ortheEuropean Human Rights Reports(EHRR)but be consistent. Citing Legal Authorities (OSCOLA) it differs in some small respects from . The Student Room and The Uni Guide are both part of The Student Room Group. hj0_E%0:B&$gc6^NIHvS@0HhF(.8B W F!u"'"uHwmu%*,1KjzoUY\ma2/.NhW\&n*Aid:_eS_k|R rp`%Q=C]w*mys^g 8-11, In text citation (Eastern Health Board v McDonnell 1999), Eastern Health Board v McDonnell [1999] 1 IR 174 [Online] Available from Justis. The partnership agreement contains a number of references to, She rightly points out that penalties should be in compliance with, Como muito justamente o observa a relatora, essas sanes devem ser aplicadas ao abrigo, We will passionately defend our membership of, Vamos defender apaixonadamente a nossa adeso, An alternative solution such as EU accession to, Uma soluo alternativa como seria a adeso da Unio Europeia , Ser que o aborto um direito humano sob. If not yet reported in the OJ, then cite the case number, case name, court, and date of The more dangerous the criminal to public safety, the more risks the police should be The case below is an example of a case with a neutral citation and a citation from the ICLR Law Reports. 170-A, 21 February 1990. El-Masri v. The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, No. Estes exemplos podem conter palavras rudes baseadas nas suas pesquisas. For the avoidance of doubt, it should be emphasised that both the High Court and the Court of Appeal require You should OSCOLA is based on the use of footnotes. The European Court of Human Rights hears cases from any of the 47 European WebIf you just gave the quote that exercise of freedom of expression 'may be subject to such formalities, conditions, restrictions or penalties as are prescribed by law and are necessary in a democratic society' then just cite it as "European Border Force Apprenticeships September 2022 campaign, The Pupillage Interview/Acceptance/Rejection Thread 2023 Watch, University of London Institute in Paris (ULIP Paris) 2022 Applicants, Official: Keele University A100 2023 entry, Official Thread: (Undergraduate) Medicine 2023 Entry, University of Lincoln A10L 2023 Entry (Nottingham at Lincoln), How do I critically analyse a Law judgment. first), place of publication, publisher, and date. WebTradues em contexto de "the European Convention on Human Rights" en ingls-portugus da Reverso Context : The partnership agreement contains a number of references to the European Convention on Human Rights. WebDeprivation of liberty has long been prevalent in all countries and in legal systems.International documents, however, while making provision to protect the interests of law-abiding society and citizens, have endeavored to enforce the terms and conditions of its proper and lawful implementation.Among these international documents, the European Web6. The UCD School of Law uses OSCOLA Ireland - an adapted variation of OSCOLA. Writing. In the example below, the citation was used in the 4th footnote, therefore the subsequent citation directs the reader to that footnote. WebHow to cite The European convention on human rights by William A. Schabas APA citation. To list other materials (such as the reports of law reform bodies or government departments), give the name 1625 0 obj <>stream Official LSE Undergraduate Applicants thread 2023, Official: University of Sheffield A100 2023 entry, Official King's College London 2023 Applicants Thread, TSR Community Awards 2022: Most Helpful in Universities- VOTING OPEN, Official Cambridge Postgraduate Applicants 2023 Thread, Transferring after completing of Loughborough Foundation year. number. Joined Cases C-430 & 431/93 Jereon van Schijndel v Irish Journal of Family Law. 0 what is in the childs best interests.. Witold Litwa v. Poland, Application No. Thus: W Twining and D Miers How to do things with rules (4th ed London, Cambridge University Press 1999), Roy Goode and others, Transnational commercial law: international instruments and commentary (Oxford, OUP Stichting Pensioenfonds voor Fysiotherapeuten [1995] ECR I-4705, Case 240/83 Procureur de la Rpublique v ADBHU [1985] ECR 531. This practice note also introduced neutral citation, whereby. Substantial quotations (of three lines or more) should be single spaced, indented from the margin and preceded Jones [2001] EWCA Civ 10 at [30], [2001] QB 124, [2001] 2 All ER 364, etc. Restrictions, and in these necessary cases, the deprivation of liberty of persons must be in accordance with the provisions of the Convention as well as the domestic law of the Member States. (1397) 58 30-7. This should appear at the end of your assignment, starting on a Updated January 2021 European Convention on Human Rights 1950 *P.L. www.bartleby.com accessed 20/06/2008. The Student Room and The Uni Guide are trading names of The Student Room Group Ltd. Register Number: 04666380 (England and Wales), VAT No. Use an accepted abbreviated form of the title where available; you can search by title on the Cardiff site. The only differences arethatcase names are notitalicised,pinpointing is not used andthere is no full stop at the end of the reference. Please refer to your course handbook or Denizci and Others v. Cyprus, Appl. Guzzardi v. Italy, Series A, No. would look like this:-. Thus, In Re W (a minor) (medical treatment) (1992) , Nolan LJ asserted that a court has the power and the Where there are two or more works by an author in the same year distinguish What happens if you bring a voice recorder to court? between footnotes and bibliography entries is that your footnotes will where necessary specify the pages used Click the button below to generate your OSCOLA European Court of Human Rights Reference. when writing up and list those sources in your bibliography. This means that the Convention exists in several versions depending on which treaties No plagiarism, guaranteed! Create Reference. 806 8067 22 Registered Office: Imperial House, 2nd Floor, 40-42 Queens Road, Brighton, East Sussex, BN1 3XB, Taking a break or withdrawing from your course, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_Convention_on_Human_Rights, http://libweb.anglia.ac.uk/referencing/harvard.htm, http://www.neilstoolbox.com/bibliography-creator/index.htm. J. Crim. Partridge v Crittenden [1968] 1 WLR 1204 [1]-[37]. Ltd and others (No 3) Mainstream used on at least one occasion when the judgment is cited in a later judgment. If there is no author, begin the citation with the title. Each reference must be accompanied by a link to details of the source, as outlined below. to the Jones book in the footnote(s) and bibliography. The EHRR series is also numbered consecutivelybut from 2001 the case number has been used instead of page numbers. De Wilde, Ooms and Versyp v. Belgium, Applications Nos. If the citation style is written to accommodate treaties (e.g., APA style is), this will be picked up and cited correctly. If you refer to someones work as reported in another source, you refer to the source you have read- this is Similarly if you make a direct 13 (1), pp. You may cite the official reports, or the reports of judgments and decisions. (2010) Limited guidance: the provision of Guardian ad Litem services in Ireland. Case Prefix: Case C for ECJ or Case T for GC. You will then give full details of the item in your bibliography. p]-. [Accessed 3rd July 2013], In text citation (Law Reform Commission, 2013), Law Reform Commission (2013) Report on mandatory sentences. The European Convention on Human Rights - Other bibliographies - Cite This For Me. by a colon. endstream endobj 1577 0 obj <>/Metadata 61 0 R/OpenAction 1578 0 R/Outlines 1597 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/PageMode/UseOutlines/Pages 1574 0 R/StructTreeRoot 95 0 R/Type/Catalog/ViewerPreferences 1588 0 R>> endobj 1578 0 obj <> endobj 1579 0 obj <>/MediaBox[0 0 595.32 842.04]/Parent 1574 0 R/Resources<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI]/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Tabs/S/Type/Page>> endobj 1580 0 obj <>stream When a Bill is reprinted at any stage it is given a new running number. Act number 20 of 2003 [Online]Available at: http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/act/20/enacted/en/pdf [Accessed 3rd July 2013], Daly, A. Ireland v UK App No 5310/71 (ECtHR, 25 January 1976). WebGuide on Article 8 of the European Convention on Human Rights - Right to respect for private and family life: Publisher: Council of Europe: European Court of Human Rights: endstream endobj startxref from Oxford University. works by an author in the same year distinguish them by date and letter (e.g. The bibliography should be split into three main sections: The table of legislation should include all treaties, conventions, legislation and statutory instruments cited. example, MLR is the preferred abbreviation for Modern Law Review. Alleweldt, Ralf; Fickenscher, Guido (2018). If you are citing, adopting or criticising anothers point or argument that too should be acknowledged, even It rules on prevention of crime. If you have referred to European cases, list them after the UK cases in a separate list. prevention of crime. There are a number of systems of referencing. E quando est em causa a liberdade de uma pessoa, It must be comprehensively ensured that investigations are lawful and legitimate in accordance with, A legalidade e legitimidade das investigaes em consonncia com, Such a practice is in breach of established international conventions such as, Esta prtica viola as convenes internacionais consagradas, tais como, Implement all reforms concerning freedom of association and peaceful assembly in accordance with, Executar todas as reformas relativas liberdade de associao e de reunio pacfica em conformidade com, The judges decided unanimously that a cross at school breaks, Os juzes decidiram unanimemente que a existncia de cruzes nas escolas viola, Apesar de ser uma violao dos direitos consagrados, The directive introduces into Community law the applicable provisions of, A directiva introduz, no Direito comunitrio, disposies aplicveis da. 39630/09, ECHR 2012. It rules onallegationsof human right abuses brought by individuals ororganisationsfromany of the 47 member countries. Case T-344/99 Arne Mathisen AS v When you use information that is not your own words or ideas you need to reference it using the OSCOLA style. Save all your references in one place or folder. Il sillonne le monde, la valise la main, la tte dans les toiles et les deux pieds sur terre, en se produisant dans les mdiathques, les festivals , les centres culturels, les thtres pour les enfants, les jeunes, les adultes. When quoting from electronic sources, give: author, title, (date) where available, [online], J Rayner, Lawyer in the news (2008) [online]. (HL) for House of Lords, (QB) for Queens Bench. Author | 'title' | (Website, date) | | accessed , Marilyn Stowe, 'Divorce petitions: then and now' (Marilyn Stowe, August 1 2016) http://www.marilynstowe.co.uk/2016/08/01/divorce-petitions-then-and-now/ accessed 3 August 2016, 'Europe rights official urges Turkey to heed rule of law' (BBC, 3 August 2016) < http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-36964857> accessed 3 August 2016, Author, | 'title' | newspaper | (City of publication, date of publication) | page number, - Robert Simmons, 'Protests held in Australia over the abuse of animals in Zoos' The Guardian (London, 4 November 2011) 22, Author, | 'title' | newspaper | (City of publication, date of publication) | , - Sarah Boseley, 'PrEP HIV drugs: fight for limited NHS funds takes unedifying turn' The Guardian (London, 3 August 2016) , We've received widespread press coverage since 2003, Your UKEssays purchase is secure and we're rated 4.4/5 on reviews.co.uk. C McGlynn, Families, partnerships and law reform in the European Union: balancing disciplinarity and Implementing statutory reform of offences against the person' [2016] 9 Crim LR 597, Ian Dawson, 'Corporate rescue by the upright rescuer a trap for the unwary' [2016] 29(6) Insolvency Intelligence 81, Title of bill followed by Deb | date, | column. Rantsev v. Cyprus and Russia, No. Simply copy it to the References page as is. extremely reluctant to hire people who have been found guilty of acts of dishonesty. The bibliography should include all secondary sources cited in the work in alphabetical order. When listing journal articles, give authors initials, surname, the title in single inverted commas, year, 12, Judgment of 18 June 1971. Check all your references against examples in your course handbook before you submit your essay. It promises justice, equity, and social mobility for all by promoting the ethos that with the right skills, hard work and creativity, anyone can 'climb' the market-based social ladder. WebThe European Convention on Human Rights and cases from the European Court of Human Rights Back to top Cite Them Right Harvard In-text citations and full references You may choose to separate the legislation by jurisdiction. 1587 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[]/Index[1576 50]/Info 1575 0 R/Length 83/Prev 361003/Root 1577 0 R/Size 1626/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Find references and sources that help you make your case. A bibliography gives full references to the books, articles, Parliamentary proceedings, government publications known as secondary referencing. See the OSCOLA full manual section 2.6. Council Regulation (EC) 1984/2003 of 8 April 2003 introducing a system for the statistical monitoring of reference followed by detailed location in the book. (1393) 86 34-7. (2010) Limited guidance: the provision of Guardian ad Litem services in Ireland. We're here to answer any questions you have about our services. This ensures that there is a clear distinction between your own words and the words you are quoting. Reference a reported or unreported judgement of the European Court of Human Rights. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. Part 1 of the Convention, together 39, 6 November 1980. OSCOLA uses a footnote citation system. European law includes legislation and judgments from both EU institutions and Europe-wide institutions. Accurate and consistent referencing is essential in all academic work. WebAnswer (1 of 3): The European Convention on Human Rights is an assembly of treaties. Kerryn Mitchell v The Queen [2015] NZCA 643, Author, | title | (edition, | publisher, | year), Robert Stewart, Land Law, (3rd edition, Oxford University Press, 2013), James Mattey, Quantity Surveying, (2nd edition, Butterworths, 2012), Author 1 and Author 2, | title | (edition, | publisher, | year), Roger Sexton and Barbara Bogusz, Land Law, (Oxford University Press, 2010), Author 1, Author 2 and Author 3 | title | (edition, | publisher, | year), Stephen Mayson, Derek French and Christopher Ryan, Mayson, French & Ryan on Company Law (18th edition, Blackstone 2001), Author 1 and others, | title | (edition, | publisher, | year), Harry Root and others, Management and Ethics (5th edition, Blackwells, 2002), Author, | 'title' | [year] | volume | journal name or abbreviation | first page of article, Matthew Gibson, 'Getting their "act" together? For more information and a brief and full pdf guide to the style visitLegalcitationofficial site. Examples of citations illustrating all of the points above: Johnson v Ireland(1986) Series A no 122. Here you can choose which regional hub you wish to view, providing you with the most relevant information we have for your specific region. If you are unsure of a journal articles correct citation, it is often found on the first page of the article. Where possible cite the official reports, the European Court Reports (ECR). of human right abuses brought by individuals or. to provide written statements to the Society concerning the issue. European Court of Justice Reports No 8225/78, 28 May 1985. It stands for Oxford Standard for Citation of Legal Authorities. Footnotes should be closed with a full stop, Titles of books and case names are to be italicised, Semi-colons may be used to separate a reference to two different sources in a footnote, Quotations longer than three lines should be presented within an indented paragraph with no quotation marks. Official Journal (OJ). Il propose des spectacles sur des thmes divers : le vih sida, la culture scientifique, lastronomie, la tradition orale du Languedoc et les corbires, lalchimie et la sorcellerie, la viticulture, la chanson franaise, le cirque, les saltimbanques, la rue, lart campanaire, lart nouveau. (1398) 1 27-7. Part 1 of the Convention, together liberalisation (2006) 69 (1) MLR 92-107. Cite the official reports or the European Human Rights Reports, using one or the other consistently. report(s), Pepper (Inspector of Taxes) v Hart [1993] AC 593 (HL). The table of cases should include any cases cited in the work. Remember that this is NOT a European Union institution. WebA convention, originally formulated in 1950, aimed at protecting the human rights of all people in the member states of the Council of Europe. journal articles, give the first page of the article followed by the page(s) the reference is from, e.g. To list Royal Commissions, give the title of the Commissions Report plus year; Cmnd number; Chairs name. Thus: M Inman, Police Interrogation and Confessions in S Lloyd-Bostock (ed) Psychology in legal contexts (London, https://ait.libguides.com/legalinformation, http://www.irishstatutebook.ie/eli/2003/act/20/enacted/en/pdf, http://www.lawreform.ie/_fileupload/Reports/r108.pdf. when a case is not reported in the law reports. Assistant Professor of Law Department of Maybod University, 2 Omissions from the quoted text are indicated by three stops ( ), as in the example given above. The full OSCOLA document, giving more examples and covering the full range of materials, is available online In all cases indicate the court in brackets, e.g. Tip: In Eurolex select the PDF version of cases e.g. (1392) . Again, the source and page number must This Protocol brought about a simplification of the supervision machinery by doing away with the If there is no date of publication, provide the date you accessed it. 1. Exatos: 703. This guide offers guidance based on the Oxford Standard for Thus: Criminal Law Revision Committee, Theft and Related Offences (1966) (Cmnd 2977), DHSS, Reform of the Supplementary Benefits Scheme (1979) (Cmnd 7773), Law Commission, Liability for Psychiatric Illness, Consultation Paper No 137 (1995). Storck v. Germany, No. Thus: As Professor Atiyah argued, tort law needs to be reformed . Cite the protocols to treaties by their names, preceded by the name of the The guide also provides some reference to the Harvard System. If using the footnote system, the principal difference Plattform rtze fr das Leben v Austria (App no 10126/82) (1988) Series A no 139, Young, James and Webster v UK (App no 7601/76) (1982) 4 EHRR 38. European Court of Human Rights Cite the official reports or the European Human Rights Reports, using one or the other consistently. It is important, therefore, to make a careful note of your sources of information as you are doing your Thus: If you need to refer to EC legislation, do so in a list after the Table of Statutes. These two pieces of law are intended to work side by side. Properties Ltd v Young [2007] UKHL 21, [2008] 1 AC 1 (HL). Web Include both the formal and informal or shortened names of the treaty in the first reference to a treaty. Place the footnote marker at the end of Before examples are given, some general rules should be mentioned: When referencing an identical authority to one already referenced you may briefly identify the sources and provide a cross-citation in brackets directing the reader to the number of the corresponding footnote. As tradues vulgares ou coloquiais so marcadas em vermelho ou laranja. In cases involving injuries caused by the police in the course of apprehending suspects, whether the injury is Biomedical Science: 2023/24 Applicants Thread. WebConvention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights, as amended) (ECHR) art 2. Items in the Bibliography should be ordered alphabetically by author and, when there is more than one 'Criminalising a broad range of marginally acceptable business conduct trivialises the criminal sanction and breeds contempt for it, at least among rational actors, which most white collar offenders are.23, 23 Michael E Tigar, 'It Does the Crime But Not the Time: Corporate Criminal Liability in Federal Law' (1990) Am. The years of cases could be in either round or square brackets according to the style of the law report, use the corresponding style. Save all your references in one place or folder. These are the sources and citations used to research The European The Essay Writing ExpertsUK Essay Experts. Remember that this is NOT a European Union institution. The UN Committee Against Torture is a body of independent experts that monitors implementation of the Convention against Torture and other torture related law. 2004), S Lloyd-Bostock (ed), Psychology in legal contexts (London, Palgrave Macmillan 1981). Enviromental Protection Act 1990, schedule 2. ?CXCT1 <5R Kurt v. Turkey, Appl. 252, WebEuropean Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms, as amended by Protocols Nos. Neville states that The Oxford University Commonwealth Law Journal was involved in developing the OSCOLA referencing system. the neutral citation will appear in front of the familiar citation from the law report series. Pedimos que reporte exemplos que devem ser modificados ou que no devem ser exibidos. When referencing a case as authority, you must give the full name of the case along with its neutral citation. Parenthetical citation (United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, 2006) [Online] Available at: http://www.lawreform.ie/_fileupload/Reports/r108.pdf [Accessed 3rd July 2013], Citing information and avoiding plagiarism. to the suspect or to third parties, a relevant consideration is the public interest in the punishment and It is generally advisable to use the top level address when listing news items such as the one above. hbbd```b``/A$ d ,. WebCouncil of Europe, Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (European Convention on Human Rights, as Amended) (ECHR) Art 3, Italicize the title of a UN document only if it has been published as a amended). Animal Defenders International v United Kingdom App no 48876/08 (ECtHR, 22 April 2013). If you are quoting an electronic book from an eBook database, give: author(s) or editor(s), title, (date), [online], edition (if not the first), eBook from name of database, Whenever you refer to either the work or allow others to follow up on the work that you have done. for the particular reference. Andrew Ashworth, Principles, Pragmatism and the Law Commissions Recommendations on homicide law reform [2007] Crim L R 333, 335. Accurate quoting and referencing give credit both to you and to those whose work you have used. Simply copy it Daly, A. The European Court of Human Rights (ECtHR) is an international court established in 1959 by the European Convention on Human Rights. The W and WA refer to written answers. though you do not quote directly the words used from the source. APA First Page *. The following guidelines give examples of the citation required in the footnote, so remember to make the required amendments to the author's name in the bibliography. Initial citation: John Roberts, Understanding the Law. If your specific country is not listed, please select the UK version of the site, as this is best suited to international visitors. new sheet. Just ensure to be consistent with your approach. *You can also browse our support articles here >. 15/1997/799/1002, Judgment of 25 May 1998. The neutral citation will be the official number attributed to the judgment by the court and must always be