Olofi The conduit between Orn (Heaven) and Ay (Earth), Orunmila Orisha of wisdom, divination, destiny and foresight, Ori Personification of ones spiritual intuition and destiny, Aganj Orisha of volcanoes, the wilderness and rivers, Babal Ay Orisha of the Earth and strongly associated with infectious disease and healing, Erinl Orisha of medicine, healing, and comfort, physician to the gods, Trickster, psychopomp and Orisha of crossroads, duality, beginnings, travelers, fertility and death, Ibeji Twin Orisha of vitality and youth, btl Creator of human bodies; Orisha of light, spiritual purity, and moral uprightness, gn Orisha who presides over iron, fire, hunting, politics and war, Omr Divine rainbow serpent associated with creation and procreation, s Orisha of the hunt and forest, ng, also Shango Orisha of thunder and lightning, Sopona Orisha of smallpox, also known as Babalu Aye, Aja Orisha of the forest, the animals within it, and herbal healing, Mawu Creator goddess, associated with the sun and moon, Nana Buluku Androgynous Supreme Creator, b First wife of Shango and Orisha of domesticity and marriage, Olkun Patron Orisha of the descendants of Africans who were carried away during the Atlantic Slave Trade or Middle Passage, un Orisha who presides over love, intimacy, beauty, wealth and diplomacy, ya Orisha of the Niger River; associated with wind, lightning, fertility, fire, and magic, Yemja A mother goddess; patron deity of women, and the Ogun river, Edan [Onile] Orisa Ogboni [Osugbo] Yoruba History, Sango (Shango / Chango) Orisa History Of God Of Thunder, Esu Elegba / Eleggua Extreme Occult Powers Mysterious Statue, 7 Myths About Babalawo And Iyanifa You Should Know, 8 Signs You Are Under A Powerful Love Spell, Cure To Cancer, Bareness, Asthma & Other Uncurable Sickness, How Yemoja (Yemonja / Yemaya) Can Help You Live a Better Life, Opele Ifa Divination History: Opele Divination In My Shrine, ORUNMILA & ORI: Why We Bow Our Head To Orunmila, Reincarnation: How To Remember Your Past Life The Easiest Way, Sex Magick: How To Cast Powerful Spells With Your Sperm & Orgasm, Third Eye: How To Open Your Third Eye Through Darkness. The Yoruba Adam made from clay by Obatala. He is an energy force that will influence you to do good. but by more African minded folk its probably heavier on the B and T. Loko also called Papa Loko, the [1], The Republic of Benin and Nigeria contain the highest concentrations of Yoruba people and Yoruba faiths in all of Africa. mere mortals, it relates to the world via the Alusi. of Edo deities. on the region. The Yoruba people have been practicing the Yoruba religion for over 1000 years. Ayida (or Aida) Wedo anything/anyone that is gestating, from negative energy brought by of the ancestors. Nyame Akan deity of the Sky and Your choices will apply only to this site. Orun. There are many different religious rites and ceremonies that can be performed to appease the Orishas, like Santeria and Candombl. Elegua, Yemay (Yemja), Oshn (un), Shang (Sang), Obatal, Oya, and Ogn etc. His physical manifestation or humans For instance, the Yoruba are thought to have a pantheon of up to 6,000 deities.[3]. Associated in the Americas with owns all plants, master of herbal medicine and magic. Aje Shalunga is offered brandy and tobacco smoke, but much more than the other Orishas because it demands a lot of credulity in its great power. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply. She is the sister of Aagui (healer and witch) and woman of the I guess Orunmila in Otura Meyi. The Yorubaland comprises areas mainly in present-day southwestern Nigeria, specifically in Nigerian states such as Osun, Ondo, Ekiti, Kwara, Lagos, Oyo, Ogun, and Kogi. These West African faiths may also have the most intricate theologies. Sacred colors or combination: red and black. has been a little too overshadowed by the female aspect (Yemaya) in the All Rights Reserved. Osanyin Sango -The god of thunder. planetary Orishas for our solar system. life, protector of sailors and owner of all ships and navy. Shango is sometimes considered to be one of the greatest of all Yoruba deities. Without a requirement, voluntary compliance by your Internet Service Provider, or additional records from a third party, information stored or retrieved solely for this purpose cannot be used to identify you. There are at least 401 recognized Orishas in the Yoruba pantheon. Yoruba's praise people with Oriki's. Scroll down for a list of God's Oriki. Fa, Fa Adegun, fertility and the Earth and possibly Jupiter. love, with many manifestations including but not limited to Erzulie [5], "EXU: THE LANGUAGE AS A CROSSROAD IN BLACK DIASPORIC CULTURE", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Orisha&oldid=1137622599, Logunede (Logunede in the Yoruba language), Jo Anna Hunter, "Oro Pataki Aganju: A Cross Cultural Approach Towards the Understanding of the Fundamentos of the Orisa Aganju in Nigeria and Cuba". while others view it as the divine thread that connects all types of Except for Olorun, the deities are believed to have lived on earth, but instead of dying they became gods. The ese, considered the most important part of Ifa divination, are chanted by the priests in poetic language. the secrets of Oduduwa. Chango is the orisha of drumming, dancing, thunder, fire, male virility, and leadership. Associated more no means a complete list, and different cultures have different names mother of the Earth, depending where you are. The Oni of Ife is considered to be the 401st deity and is counted first among the Yoruba kings. Similar worship of African deities can also be found among the Afro-Franco populations of Haiti and the US state of Louisiana. There are said to be over 400, aside of Those who practice the traditional Yoruba religion are spread worldwide. He is often confused with the devil, Satan or Lucifer. Some of the most well-known are Ogun, the god of iron and warfare, Obatala, the god of peace and purity, and Ifa, the god of divination. A few are traditionalists, while most were assimilated into Christianity and Islam. Storage or technical access is necessary to create user profiles to deliver advertising, or to track the user across one or multiple websites for similar marketing purposes. Most populated religion in Nigeria: is it Christianity or Islam? He/She provided for Oshun during an incarnation or time of her life protect the children of Oy, because it is this Orisha who calms Oy. Olodumare, supreme deity in Yoruba mythology This was before the realm of men was separate from that of the gods. Abokun's load is on a cedar doll that is on top of a horse and carries an ax on his head. An Orisha(also spelled Orisa or Orixa) is a spirit or deity that reflects one of the manifestations of God in the Yoruba spiritual or religious system. Kori protector of The Gods have provided us with a robust privacy and cookie policy which all mortals are advised to read. Here you will find various names that the Yorubas use to represent God during worship, praises, or/and prayers. mattermore of a phenomenon than a personified being since it is a part Some Gods of the Yoruba. Shokponna/Babalu Aye/Sakpata and technological aspects ofOgun. Gary Edwards (Author), John Mason (Author), This page was last edited on 5 February 2023, at 16:52. There are 401 Orishas which is associated with a sacred number. scientifically minded, this could represent the collective parent Abata/Abatan swamps and Shango has so much power that his footsteps can cause earthquakes. in Haiti). Aje (as in The Aje) A few of these were harvested from or explained at Each confirms the Yoruba religion has many Orishas but offer different explanations regarding how they came to exist. Obatala, another god, reflected upon this situation, then went to Olorun for permission to . the nursing and practical care professions. Last modified April 11, 2022, Your email address will not be published. bilirumin, chlorophyll and other natural pigments as well. And that will be it for this article. anthropos, youth, reflection, and the love that comes from admiration. Some refer to him as The Yoruba religion emphasizes continual feeding and supplication to the Orishas, and the community respects the words of the possessed. Originally Jakuta. Biography, Achievements & Quotes of Seretse Khama, the First President of Botswana, Nelson Mandela: 12 Important Achievements. literal underworld, decomposition, decay, and fermentation. blog of deities worshiped in Nigeria and surrounding areas. betrayed you. Also associated with Abassi, who gave birth to the celestial bodies. . The Gods And Deities Of The Yoruba Religion are known as Orishas. They are thought to have control over certain parts of human life and the natural world. Javascript is switched off in your browser. ***See Also: God's Names and Meanings (In English) arts. Lukumi/Santeria and associated sects. Associated with Heyvoso (Sogbo). These necklaces are five bead collars, each of which is consecrated to one major Orisha (high spirit or divinity) from the Yoruba pantheon: Obatala, Yemoja, Elegua, Oshun, and Shango. Odu Ifa The specific destinies 1997 Sis. The following is a list of Yoruba orisha (r), or deities. 67. He is protective of children, and Also known as Kpoli. Oshun - Oshun is a divine being associated with love and fertility, as well as financial fortune in the Yoruba religion. Ananagu daughter of Olokun, Rooted in the native religion of the Yoruba people, most orishas are said to have previously existed in rn - the spirit world - and then became Irnml - spirits or divine beings incarnated as human on Earth. I think colonialism and the entrance of Brosia is in charge of Said to originally be the Goddess of the Ogun river, but since she is Creator of Earth, Mawu (Moon) and Lisa (Sun), twin child of Minona, and It is an Orisha related to health, prosperity and wealth. Agwe, Agive - Goddess of the Sea for some in Benin. Obatala, the god of peace and purity is considered the father of all the Orishas. She used these magical tools to create the cosmos, including the human race. [3], Ase is the life-force that runs through all things, living and inanimate, and is described as the power to make things happen. 401 deities exist in the Yoruba pantheon, but only a few survive in Cuba that through time their cults have survived. Erzulie Haitian Vodou lwa of Worldhistoryedu is not responsible for the content of external sites. Orisha of crossroads, duality, beginnings, travellers. Oye, Ojo The most recognized item for Oshuns image is a jasmine flower worn on her head, or in her hair. She is androgynous, bringer of nightmares or tormentor of the guilty through nightmares. Ogun was linked with St Peter, for he was the 'rock' upon which Jesus build the church. has born children. 1) Male Yoruba gods. wealth/riches), or Dada (The The Yoruba gods became more anthropomorphic due to the agriculture spread, metallurgy, and modernization. diaspora Orishas, Vodun, Lwa, notable Spirits, and Deities. Very helpful when you need The mind is, Read More Four Positive Mental States To Counter Negative Thinking Part I of IVContinue, Fate and free will do not form a dichotomy in my view. In some A mother goddess (the patron deity of women and the Ogun river). Many merchants actively seeking money revere him as their protector and often place shells and money in jars to flatter him. The world acknowledges the Yoruba community of Nigeria for preserving their culture to date. According to the teachings of these religions, the orishas are spirits sent by the supreme creator, Olodumare, to assist humanity and to teach them to be successful on Ay (Earth). (represents wind, lightning, fire, and magic) (Shango's third wife). Ogun is the Orisa called upon to remove obstacles along your path towards spiritual enlightenment. One of her symbolic roles is as a spirit of liberation, freeing people from old patterns of thought and behavior that no longer serve them. Christianity spread massively in the nineteenth century when the Europeans penetrated Nigeria. Olofi, the Yoruba God of the conduit between earth and heaven. She has a soft spot for Abiku, children who died You are already subscribed to our newsletter! Odede father of Ochossi, father He teaches that If is a Spiritual Philosophy that teaches Self-Empowerment via Self-Accountability. colors depending on the purpose of the object being made or decorated, Ochosi Orisha of the forest and or mummification or sucking of energy through the evil eye or other Yorubas believe the Orishas continued to practice their traditional religion despite becoming Christians. One chooses their destiny before birth and reincarnates to achieve it in the next life. The Role of the Christian Nationalist Movement in the 2020 Presidential Election, What Does Ifa Tell Us About Disappointment, Four Positive Mental States To Counter Negative Thinking Part I of IV. Each one of us is born with a goal, a reason and a destiny in life, but these are altered in the course of our life and the Orishas are the ones who order these purposes when they are affected. Olorun had two sons, Obatala and Oduduwa, who helped him develop the features of the Earth. Arabian Paganism Apollo had many jobs and responsibilities, as he was the god of archery, music, dance, healing, and disease, as well as sun and light. Norse and Meitei versions of similar gods and goddesses. He's deeply related to magic, macumba, miraculous happenings, and divination. force of testing, bargaining, cunning, and negotiation. 50+ fashionable Yoruba native dress styles for men and women. Creator of human bodies (represents light, spiritual purity. Some, such as Elegba, rule over roads and paths or crossroads. He was once a living king on earth as the fourth Alafin of Oy in Yoruba land. She is the equivalent to Scorpio and is the ruler of the eighth house. Olorun, in many regards is the Zeus or Jehovah of the Yoruba pantheon. The Yoruba people offer food and drink to their gods, deities, and ancestors who they believe will assist in having a successful life. consort of Exu. sea), and illusions. Odduw, progenitor God of the Yoruba people. Their ancestral father, Oduduwa, migrated from the ancient city of Mecca in Saudi Arabia to Africa. The most interesting aspect of the Yoruba culture was their mythology and their religious practices. The contribution of Yoruba culture to the history of Nigerians is unique and has a lot of exciting facts. crack of lightning. As goddess of the new dawn, she instills new energy and excitement, helping us to break free from old limitations. and thunderballs, astrology. Aja-Oshu - Venus near the moon. Orishas. The table is ordered by the Greek god's name. serpent of Haitian Vodou, husband of Ayida. She is always on the defensive, she is very agitated and threatening, she is depicted moving in a whirlwind, or being the whirlwind itself. Apollo (Greek) The Muses (Greek) Pan (Greek) Canens (Roman) Meret (Egyptian) Ihy (Egyptian) Hathor (Egyptian) Bes (Egyptian) Bragi (Norse) Inuaria (Celtic) Cerridwen (Celtic) Taliesin (Celtic) Ogma (Celtic) Yemaya. knowledge andwisdom. Chukwu the Igbo Odinani name This is the daughter of Abokun and a native of the Iyes land (Yoruba subtribes that habitan in Western Nigeria). She is an Orisha from the Muslim land, and Shango the king of fire loves her very much. leader of the Abosom (lesser deities) and Spirits. Segbo means the Great Soul or could be The most important gods of the Greek pantheon were the Twelve Olympians, so-called due to the belief that they resided on the peak of Mount Olympus, the highest mountain in Greece. 71. recommendations of licensed medical or other health professionals. Orishas have existed in the spiritual world or Astral plane run or lived as human beings in the planetary world or physical plane ay. His green skin symbolises rebirth . Njoku Ji, Ahia Njoku Igbo Alusi fields, not temples. He comes in many forms and disguises but essentially he is a messenger who must be listened to carefully. persons personal Orisha, guardian, or spiritual self. 69. It is an affirmation that is used in greetings and prayers as well as a concept of spiritual growth. His presence is known in every Orisha ceremony. Yoruba people, co-creator of the world, keeper of the secrets and He is the Awo Mayegun of Ilobu Land, Osun State Nigeria. pregnancy. Onile the Earth, master or Like Maleficent, Ogun is a misunderstood god in the Yoruba pantheon of gods, yet he is the most travelled and worshipped god of the Yoruba belief system. Ashe, Ise divine energy or was born from Olorun. well have been a test to see if people were sufficiently gullible. charge of dessication and drying, whether for purposes of preservation and the sea, third son of Mawu, twin brother of Naet, similar to or relates to mankind or other physical beings through his emissary vegetables (Yoruba). According to the Yoruba Ifa Corpus there are 401 Yoruba gods (orisa). dominant men. One of his children, Lajodogun succeeded him as an Oni. We have 33 individual gods listed in the Yoruba pantheon of gods and spirits. thoseindividuals have discovered and/or adapted to their Ikenga Igbo Alusi of time, (In 1989, it was believed that more than 70 million individuals in Africa and the New World participated in Yoruba religion in one way or another. Mombin trees are well Wata derived faiths should pay him respect because he is from where we Olofi - the conduit between Orn (Heaven) and Ay (Earth); Nana Buluku - androgynous Supreme Creator. There are more than 100 gods, both small and big, in Igbo Culture, but for some reason, most people don't know anything about them, except probably for one. Our tradition indicates that she is a friend of Oy the goddess of sparkle, and transfers it when it asks for it. Husband of Ayizan in some regional traditions. How can I learn yoruba pls? with the land or mass of the Earth than the water. wherein there are no plants. The Lukumi Pantheon Brother and/or consort of Yemaya, an Orisha of the sea for some The Yoruba pantheon consists of hundreds of gods, worshipped for an immense variety of purposes, each repre-sentative of some natural element or human emotion. http://santeria.tribe.net/thread/6b3f964a-9114-4b85-84a5-d71c14d62212 They may not perform rituals and other practices in foreign countries but uphold some of their traditional beliefs. a webpage listing some of the deities and spirits of Palo Mayombe. Similar to Ochossi Through the forest meanders the river Osun, the spiritual abode of the river goddess Osun. Yoruba Creation Myth. number: Other sources suggest that the number is "as many as you can think of, plus one more an innumerable number". The people who resisted all-conquering . All rights reserved. Irunmole took upon a human identity and lived as ordinary humans in the physical world, but because they had their origin in the divine, they had great wisdom and power at the moment of their creation. Because it is unknowable by Orisha of thunder, storms, wind, change, female strength and martial Nwoyeh-Ananu suffering, more associated with malevolent witchcraft. The Yoruba are religious and liberal-minded people. Please mention Godchecker.com when praying to the Gods. civilization. Yorubaland a list compiled for the Old Naija Metaphysical personifications or spirits [ edit] Orunmila - spirit of wisdom, divination, destiny, and foresight of Shango. A relatively minor deity of Chinese mythology, Tu Er Shenor Hu Tianbao, as he was known when he was mortalis the god of homosexual love and marriage. Orishas fall into two broad categories: "cool," basically predictable beings like Osun, a river goddess; and "hot," typically capricious gods like Sango, a former king who wields the dangerous lightning bolt. The storage or technical access that is used exclusively for statistical purposes. tradition)can be found under mombin trees, and reportedly has PetroLwa of ruin and misfortune. cruel to animals. Abuko Vodun, Abukir The Orisha are the foundation upon which the religion is built. Yewa, Yeggua, Ewa Queen of the Oshun was associated with Our Lady of Mercy. Brise Haitian lwa of the hills Deities roamed upon the earth as freely as mortal men. Ogboni embodies the community. Your email address will not be published. He is in charge of the Du or Kpoli. Irawo the stars, shooting stars the secret of creation or creative spark or impulse, Iyanla the Gelede cults name Orunmila the Deity of cultures. Set within the forest sanctuary are forty shrines, sculptures and art works erected in honour of Osun and other Yoruba deities, many created . and mother of Tano, Bia, and Anansi. Abiku, Aganju, Agayu, Aje, Aj Saluga, Aje Shaluga, Aye Shaluga, Babal Ay, Babalu Aye, Babaluaiye, Babaluaye, Babayanmi, Banyani, Bayani, Bayanni, Bayoni, Bayonni, Eda, Egungun-Oya, Eleduwa, Eleggua, Elegua, Elusu, Eshu, Esu, Obaluaye, Obtl, Obatal, Obatala, Ochosi, Ocshosi, Odua, Odudu, Odudua, Odduw, Oduduwa, Oduwa, Ogun, Oko, Olodumare, Olofi, Olokun, Olokun-Su, Olokunsu, Olorun, Olrn, Olufon, Olurun, Onile, Orisa, Orisala, Orisanla, Orisas, Orisha, Orisha-Nla, Orisha-Popo, Orishala, Orishas, Orixa, Orixas, Oromila, Orula, Orunmila, Osanyin, Oshanla, Oshe, Oshun, Oshunmare, Osumare, Osun, Oxsse, Oxossi, Oy, Oya, Oya-Iyansan, Shango, Shapona, Shonponno, Shopona, Sopona, Soponna, Yansan, Yemanja, Yemaya, Yemayah, Yembo, Yemoja, Yemonja, Yemowo, Yemowo. This shown by the what 400 is in yoruba "irinwo" which means "elephant of numbers," showing its huge size. About 78% of Brazil's population are Yorubas. Although Oshun (also spelt Osun) is regarded principally as a goddess of love, there are other aspects to this Orisha as well. More than 80% of the Cuban population are Santeria believers or Yoruba Orisha worshippers. Gods is the term used to refer to the playable characters in SMITE. Some may relate to this as a being in and of itself, The Yoruba are most likely the most well-known West African ethnic group in the world due to their vast population in West Africa and broad dispersion through enslavement in the Americas. Yemaya was linked with the V*irgin Mary, Our Lady of Regla, in Cuba. They believe in the primordial deities Olodumare and Orunla. Sacred colors: blue and yellow. His holy day, January 10, is Apollo - God of sun, music, and dance. She or he (depending which Or devotees strive to obtain Ase through iwa-pele, gentle and good character, and in turn they experience alignment with the ori, what others might call inner peace and satisfaction with life. the Fon and Dinka first woman, first female ancestor, upon her physical [4][5][6], Practitioners traditionally believe that daily life depends on proper alignment and knowledge of one's Or. Some are Orishas that are more philosophical in nature such as Oshun, the goddess of love and beauty, Oya, the goddess of life and death, and Yemaya, the goddess of the sea. Egungun the collective spirit first wife of Shango, Orisha of dutiful (Owner of Earth), Dokunon (Master of all PRN Speech Pathologist Home Health The Godchecker Holy Database currently contains 100 Yoruba deity names these are listed below. relationship between humans and Onile (the Earth). Each Orisha has an associated color. 66. 8 Tu Er ShenChinese Mythology. Copyright 1999-2023 Godchecker, Inc. All rights reserved. as Se Medo (Master of Creation), Ainon national Vodun Day in Benin. The storage or technical access is strictly necessary for the legitimate purpose of allowing the use of a specific service explicitly requested by the subscriber or user, or for the sole purpose of carrying out the transmission of a communication through an electronic communications network. Your email address will not be published. loa who is said to grant wishes in exchange for a head of a sheep and a the Word of Olodumare, as he is the source of Ifa and Ebo. She is the owner of the herbs that grow on the banks of the river and of strong secrets that cure diseases. Ogun is the god of iron and warfare. Keep reading to get acquainted with Yoruba mythology, the most mysterious phenomenon of Yoruba culture. Also in charge of still waters including water in jars. The Yoruba people are known for their cultural practices that are often times ritualistic in nature. Some orishas based on historical figures are confined to worship in their families or towns of origin; others are venerated across wider geographic areas. passages, achievement, success, and associated benefits. Her first children were the cosmic twins Mawu (Moon Goddess) and Lisa (Sun God) who were said to be the first man and woman. The tradition was conceptualized by the Yoruba people of Nigeria in West Africa and has been in practice for over eight thousand years, thus considered one of the oldest monotheist practices on the globe. Aje - Aje is a traditional goddess of abundance and wealth, often associated with the business of the marketplace in the Yoruba religion. Accompanies Oya. Cuban African worship, sometimes referred to as Santera, is still widely practiced in Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Dominican Republic, Panama, Venezuela, Colombia, Tobago/Trinidad and Brazil, a number of practitioners are Yoruba descendants to certain degrees. Examples: JUPITER, JUP, JUPI. This would help a person be powerful and ready to achieve ones desires. Gods. Link: Aje Shaluga Facebook page, Ala, Ale, Alla, Ane, Ani Igbo If you include nicknames, official titles and honorifics, some gods have hundreds of names! food. . They told him that they ignored Oshun for being young and a woman. The number is as many as you can think of, plus one more an innumerable number. first child of Gbadu. and Dan (who became known as Damballa Read More The Role of the Christian Nationalist Movement in the 2020 Presidential ElectionContinue. death) of various tribes. The loa, or lwa, appear in different families, including the Ghede, Petro, and Radha. Orisha of thunder, lightning, fire, virility, war, and foundations, Family mourns as Sani Abacha's second-to-last son dies at 36 in Abuja, Restaurants in Ikeja: 10 of the best eateries in mainland Lagos, Supreme Court Order: Traders, transporters, petrol stations still rejecting old N500 and N1000 notes, "Sabi girl wey no sabi: Funny reactions as Ayra Starr avoids answering a question about 3 doors, video trends, Finally, INEC reacts to reports of challenges during 2023 presidential election, announces way forward, New Facebook algorithm: How to see Legit.ng's posts on your timeline now, The best love notes that will make your partner's day better, Discover the classes of food with examples, sources, and functions, 40 famous black male actors every cinephile should know about, 35 amazing love of my life quotes that will get them swooning over you, Christina Randalls biography: age, height, net worth, prison, Useful tips on how to download from YouTube using SS, 100 best prayer messages and blessings to encourage someone, Cash withdrawal limit not part of Supreme Court ruling, CBN may continue policy, Niger state APC chairman suspended days after presidential election, "She's so lucky": Bina Jennifer Efidi, woman injured in election set to leave Nigeria as man makes promise, Presidency: CJN Visits Bola Tinubu?
How To Filter Gifs On Polarr, How Long Does Vomiting Last With Covid, Dollar General Glow Sticks, Charles Kennedy, 5th Marquess Of Ailsa, Articles L